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Manually Setup ArchLinux Networking

ArchLinux

nauseous

Wednesday, 16 August 2017

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The article doesn't cover wireless networking. If you need wireless support please install the below requirements.

Please stay tuned for Wireless Network Guide in detail - Coming soon.

extra/wicd 1.7.4-1 - Wired and wireless network manager for Linux
extra/wicd-gtk 1.7.4-1 - Wired and wireless network manager for Linux - GTK client
community/wicd-openrc 20170401-1 (openrc-net) - OpenRC wicd script
community/connman 1.34-1 - Wireless LAN network manager
community/wpa_tui 0.3-1 - Script to easily setup systemd-networkd and connect to wireless networks

Requirements for Article

core/netctl 1.12-2 (base) - Profile based systemd network management
core/net-tools - Configuration tools for Linux networking
core/dhcpcd 6.11.5-1 (base) - RFC2131 compliant DHCP client daemon
community/dhcpcd-nosystemd 6.11.5-2 (base-nosystemd) - RFC2131 compliant DHCP client daemon
community/cmst 20170318-2 - A QT based GUI front end for the connman connection manager with systemtray icon
extra/networkmanager 1.8.2-1 (gnome) - Network connection manager and user applications

Anonymizing networks - Optional Privacy Services

Freenet — An encrypted network without censorship.
GNUnet — A framework for secure peer-to-peer networking.
I2P — A distributed anonymous network.
Tor — Anonymizing overlay network.

Install network management utility

# pacman -S netctl

Note: See below how to install net-tools.

Manual assignment

It is possible to manually set up a static IP using only the iproute2 package. This is a good way to test connection settings since the connection made using this method will not persist across reboots. First enable the network interface:

# ip link set em1 up

Assign a temporary static IP address in the console:

# ip addr add 192.168.0.10/24 broadcast 192.168.0.255 dev em1

Then add your gateway IP address:

# ip route add default via 192.168.0.1

For example:

# ip link set em1 up
# ip addr add 192.168.0.10/24 broadcast 192.168.0.255 dev em1
# ip route add default via 192.168.0.1

You could use ifconfig (net-tools) to configure the network.

Install net-tools

# pacman -S net-tools

Now you can either display the IP address or assign one

List interfaces or display IP assigned

Note: ifconfig is depreciated in some versions of ArchLinux.

# ifconfig

Bring up interface with 192.168.0.10

# ifconfig em1 192.168.0.10/24 up

Troubleshooting

Flush interface

# ip addr flush dev em1

Then remove any assigned gateway:

# ip route flush dev em1

And finally disable the interface:

# ip link set em1 down

Calculating Addresses

Search ArchLinux packages for ipcalc

# pacman -Ss | grep ipcalc

community/ipcalc 0.41-5

Now install ipcalc

# pacman -S ipcalc

Now we can calculate the IP address

# ipcalc 192.168.0.10

Address: 192.168.0.10 11000000.10101000.00000000. 00001010
Netmask: 255.255.255.0 = 24 11111111.11111111.11111111. 00000000
Wildcard: 0.0.0.255 00000000.00000000.00000000. 11111111
=>
Network: 192.168.0.0/24 11000000.10101000.00000000. 00000000
HostMin: 192.168.0.1 11000000.10101000.00000000. 00000001
HostMax: 192.168.0.254 11000000.10101000.00000000. 11111110
Broadcast: 192.168.0.255 11000000.10101000.00000000. 11111111
Hosts/Net: 254 Class C, Private Internet

Note: IP address 192.168.0.10 is a C class private internet address.

Setting Static Address (Optional but not manual)

# cd /etc/netctl
# cp examples/ethernet-static ./enp1s0

Edit your network interface

# vim /etc/netctl/enp1s0

Add below example lines

Description='A basic static ethernet connection'
Interface=enp1s0
Connection=ethernet
IP=static
Address=('192.168.0.10/24')
Gateway=('192.168.0.1')
DNS=('192.168.0.1' '8.8.8.8' '8.8.4.4')

Start interface

# netctl start eth0

Enable at boot

# netctl enable eth0

or disable interface

# netctl disable eth0

Bring down the interface and flush IP config:

# sudo ifcfg enp0s11 stop
# sudo ip link set enp0s11 down
# sudo ip addr flush enp0s11

Disabling DHCP client daemon and Network Manager service:

# sudo systemctl stop dhcpcd
# sudo systemctl disable dhcpcd
# sudo systemctl stop NetworkManager
# sudo systemctl disable NetworkManager

Giving a static address

# vim /etc/dhcpcd.conf

interface em0
static ip_address=192.168.0.10/24
static routers=192.168.0.1
static domain_name_servers=8.8.8.8 8.8.4.4

Save file and restart dhcpcd service like above example.

Set Hostname

# hostnamectl set-hostname domains.linuxsecrets.com

To temporarily set the hostname until reboot

# hostname myhostname

Changing Device Name

Please see Renaming Interfaces in Linux

Adding Alias on Interfaces

Manually set an alias, for some NIC, use iproute2 to execute

# ip addr add 192.168.0.10/24 dev eth0 label eth0:1

To remove a given alias execute

# ip addr del 192.168.0.10/24 dev eth0:1

Promiscuous mode

# vim /etc/systemd/system/promiscuous@.service

Add the below to set promiscuous mode

[Unit]
Description=Set %i interface in promiscuous mode
After=network.target

[Service]
Type=oneshot
ExecStart=/usr/bin/ip link set dev %i promisc on
RemainAfterExit=yes

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

Save the file and enable

# systemctl enable promiscuous@em1.service

Setup DHCP

Install dhcpd

# pacman -Ss dhcpcd

Start dhcpcd manually, run the following command:

# dhcpcd em1

Wired adapter using DHCP

# vim /etc/systemd/network/50-wired.network

[Match]
Name=ens1f0

[Network]
DHCP=ipv4

Running DHCP at Boot time

# rc-update add dhcpcd default

Wired adapter using a static IP

# vim /etc/systemd/network/25-wired.network

[Match]
Name=ens1f0

[Network]
Address=10.1.10.9/24
Gateway=10.1.10.1
Address= can be used more than once to configure multiple IPv4 or IPv6 addresses. See #network files or systemd.network for more options.

Wireless adapter

wpa_supplicant is required. In this example, the corresponding systemd service file that needs to be enabled is wpa_supplicant@wlp2s0.service. This service will run wpa_supplicant with the configuration file /etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant-wlp2s0.conf. If this file does not exist, the service will not start.

# vim /etc/systemd/network/25-wireless.network

[Match]
Name=wlp2s1

[Network]
DHCP=ipv4

Broadcasting DHCP Hostnames

# hostnamectl status

Static hostname: arch-910
Icon name: computer-vm
Chassis: vm
Machine ID: d50001c6ad864f2b8dd89fb862e5e881
Boot ID: d4ab7fcd1dd14da996d6748c4eccedbc
Virtualization: qemu
Operating System: Manjaro Linux
Kernel: Linux 4.9.34-1-MANJARO
Architecture: x86-64

# vim /etc/dhclient.conf

Make sure the below entry is in dhclient.conf

send host-name = gethostname();

By default the dhclient.conf should already this line above for broadcasting DHCP or STATIC hostname

Creating a Fallback Profile

Edit dhcpcd.conf and add the below to it.

# vim /etc/dhcpcd.conf

# define static profile
profile static_em0
static ip_address=192.168.0.10/24
static routers=192.168.0.1
static domain_name_servers=192.168.0.1

# fallback static profile on em0
interface em0
fallback static_em0

That covers installing and assigning and configuring DHCP, static, fallback IP addresses and restarting/start network services on ArchLinux

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nauseous

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Nauseous is a developer, blogger and Linux enthusiast. Nauseous real name is John and is an expert in Hadoop, Spark and Linux performance. John has produced a new record @ 2 minutes 57 second running a terasort on Hadoop/Spark with 10 servers, 48 core, as well as Aerospike at 12.1 million packets which is the highest record today.

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